The Piccolomini Library is a single, spectacular Renaissance hall inside Siena Cathedral. Commissioned in the 1490s by Cardinal Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini, the future Pope Pius III, it was intended to house the books collected by his uncle, the humanist pope Pius II. Today, visitors come chiefly for its brilliantly coloured frescoes and the illuminated choir books displayed beneath them.
Pinturicchio and his workshop painted the walls in the early 1500s, creating ten scenes from Pius II’s life, from diplomatic journeys to his election as pope and canonisation of Catherine of Siena. Rich blues, gold details and elaborate costumes make the narrative as absorbing up close as it is from across the room. Look up at the intricate ceiling, then find the Three Graces, a Roman marble group standing at the centre of the library.
The Piccolomini Library rewards even a short visit, though it is worth allowing time to follow the fresco cycle and inspect the manuscripts. Access is from inside the Duomo; check current ticket options and opening hours before visiting, as arrangements can change with the season and religious services. Dress appropriately for the cathedral, with shoulders and knees covered, and consider going early or late in the day to avoid the busiest tour groups.