Beneath Florence Cathedral, the Ruins of Santa Reparata reveal the remains of an early Christian basilica that once served as the city’s cathedral. Built by the early medieval period over older Roman structures, the church was enlarged over the centuries before making way for Santa Maria del Fiore. Excavations in the 1960s and 1970s brought its buried history back to light.
The archaeological site rewards a closer look: fragments of geometric mosaic floors, masonry from successive rebuilds and medieval burials show how Florence’s religious centre changed over time. Among the graves is that of Filippo Brunelleschi, the architect of the cathedral’s great dome. The low-lit walkways make a quiet contrast to the vast church and busy piazza above.
Allow around 30 minutes to explore, or longer if you enjoy archaeology. Entrance is through the cathedral, so cover your shoulders and knees, and check current Duomo complex ticket options before visiting. Steps and uneven surfaces can make access difficult; visitors with mobility needs should check arrangements in advance. The ruins pair well with the nearby Museo dell’Opera del Duomo, which puts more of the cathedral’s history in context.